{"id":47811,"date":"2024-10-01T23:31:42","date_gmt":"2024-10-01T23:31:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/gsgf.greenschoolsgreenfuture.org\/?p=47811"},"modified":"2025-01-18T20:36:31","modified_gmt":"2025-01-18T20:36:31","slug":"why-the-spacex-space-suit-look-so-sleek-and-nasas-look-so-clunky","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gsgf.greenschoolsgreenfuture.org\/fr\/why-the-spacex-space-suit-look-so-sleek-and-nasas-look-so-clunky\/","title":{"rendered":"Why SpaceX Suits Look So Sleek, and NASA\u2019s Look So Clunky"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong style=\"color: var(--e-global-color-accent);\">[<\/strong><strong>Photo: NASA, SpaceX<\/strong><strong style=\"color: var(--e-global-color-accent);\">]<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The space suits worn during SpaceX\u2019s Polaris Dawn mission are a sci-fi reimagining of NASA\u2019s classic marshmallow suits. There\u2019s a good reason why they look so different.<\/p>\n<div class=\"standardText\">\n<div class=\"articleChannelFooter Article__articleFooterItem__6iNGC\">\n<div data-testid=\"content-chunk\">\n<div class=\"content-chunk\" data-testid=\"content-chunk\">\n<p>When Jared Isaacman popped out of the hatch of the Dragon spaceship\u00a0<em>Resilience<\/em>\u00a0and into the vacuum of space, he really looked pretty spiffy. For the first time in history, a private citizen got (partly) out of a spaceship with nothing between him and our Pale Blue Dot but a sleek, tightly fitting white spacesuit. It wasn\u2019t a space walk\u2014like the one\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.newscientist.com\/definition\/first-space-walk\/\">Alexei Leonov took on March 18, 1965,<\/a>\u00a0the first-ever by a human\u2014as much as a \u201dlean out and peek,\u201d but he looked like a guy from a sci-fi movie nonetheless.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"content-chunk\" data-testid=\"content-chunk\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-91191021\" src=\"https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit,w_1024,h_1024\/wp-cms-2\/2024\/09\/i-1-91190436-space-x-suits.jpg\" alt=\"space suit of SpaceX astronaut\" width=\"1320\" height=\"743\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">[Image: SpaceX]<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Everyone who saw it probably thought the same: That suit looks nothing like the ones NASA astronauts use when venturing out of the International Space Station. The SpaceX Extra-Vehicular Activity (EVA) space overalls looks like the future. NASA\u2019s Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU) feels old and outdated\u2014like an oversize relic from the 1980s.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-91191020 lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit,w_1024,h_1024\/wp-cms-2\/2024\/09\/i-2-91190436-space-x-suits.jpg\" alt=\"space suit of NASA astronauts\" width=\"1280\" height=\"901\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1280px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1280\/901;\" \/><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-91191020\" src=\"https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit,w_1024,h_1024\/wp-cms-2\/2024\/09\/i-2-91190436-space-x-suits.jpg\" alt=\"space suit of NASA astronauts\" width=\"1280\" height=\"901\" \/><\/noscript><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><b>Alexei Leonov<\/b>, 1965 [Photo: Central Press\/Getty Images]<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>But don\u2019t be blinded by the imperial stormtrooper bling. There are plenty of reasons why their designs look so different. While the EMU is currently more rugged and dependable than Elon Musk\u2019s stark white space undies, that doesn\u2019t mean the SpaceX version is bad. Each suit has its use, and SpaceX\u2019s is a great first version that will evolve to keep humans safe on journeys beyond the confines of the Dragon Crew\u2019s hatch.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-91191024 lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit,w_1024,h_1024\/wp-cms-2\/2024\/09\/i-8-91190436-space-x-suits.jpg\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, (max-width: 1023px) calc(100vw - 160px), 600px\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit,w_150\/wp-cms-2\/2024\/09\/i-8-91190436-space-x-suits.jpg 150w, https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit,w_300\/wp-cms-2\/2024\/09\/i-8-91190436-space-x-suits.jpg 300w, https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit,w_1024\/wp-cms-2\/2024\/09\/i-8-91190436-space-x-suits.jpg 1024w\" alt=\"\" width=\"1280\" height=\"954\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1280px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1280\/954;\" \/><noscript><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-91191024\" src=\"https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit,w_1024,h_1024\/wp-cms-2\/2024\/09\/i-8-91190436-space-x-suits.jpg\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, (max-width: 1023px) calc(100vw - 160px), 600px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit,w_150\/wp-cms-2\/2024\/09\/i-8-91190436-space-x-suits.jpg 150w, https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit,w_300\/wp-cms-2\/2024\/09\/i-8-91190436-space-x-suits.jpg 300w, https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit,w_1024\/wp-cms-2\/2024\/09\/i-8-91190436-space-x-suits.jpg 1024w\" alt=\"\" width=\"1280\" height=\"954\" \/><\/noscript><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">[Image: SpaceX]<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2 id=\"h-what-s-different\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">What\u2019s different<\/h2>\n<p>The difference between SpaceX\u2019s EVA suit and NASA\u2019s EMU isn\u2019t so much about aesthetic choices as it is the result of their respective functions, features, and history. At their core, each suit was engineered for different purposes. Also, both suits are at different stages of development, with the EMU being the result of decades of experience and refinements, with very specific mission requirements in mind.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"flex flex-col pb-6\">\n<div class=\"flex flex-col justify-start gap-4 pb-1\">\n<div class=\"flex items-center gap-[15px] font-centra text-base leading-tight text-black\">\n<div class=\"content-chunk\" data-testid=\"content-chunk\">\n<p>On the other hand, the sleekness of SpaceX\u2019s EVA suit is the result of being designed for short exposures to the rigors of space. You can find a parallel in the suits designed by NASA for the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Project_Gemini\">Gemini<\/a>\u00a0missions in the 1960s. They looked much sleeker than the suits used for Apollo, which required longer stays, where astronauts would be exposed to radiation and extreme changes in temperature. (Personally, I find the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Project_Mercury\">Mercury<\/a>\u00a0suit\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/image-article\/john-glenn-mercury-astronaut-2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">worn by John Glenn<\/a>\u00a0to be the best-looking space suit of all.)<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-91191023 lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit,w_1024,h_1024\/wp-cms-2\/2024\/09\/i-4-91190436-space-x-suits.jpg\" alt=\"NASA space suit for Gemini 4 mission\" width=\"1273\" height=\"1280\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1273px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1273\/1280;\" \/><noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-91191023\" src=\"https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit,w_1024,h_1024\/wp-cms-2\/2024\/09\/i-4-91190436-space-x-suits.jpg\" alt=\"NASA space suit for Gemini 4 mission\" width=\"1273\" height=\"1280\" \/><\/noscript><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><b>Astronaut Edward White<\/b>\u00a0during the first American EVA performed during Gemini 4 flight, 1965 [Photo: NASA]<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>The basic thing to remember is that NASA\u2019s EMU is built for long-duration space walks, where astronauts are doing heavy-duty work. It has been used by astronauts on the International Space Station for years and was designed to withstand the demands of work sessions in space that can last up to eight hours or longer. It gives complete freedom of movement without any other link to the space station beyond a safety tether.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-91191025 lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit,w_1024,h_1024\/wp-cms-2\/2024\/09\/i-10-91190436-space-x-suits.jpg\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, (max-width: 1023px) calc(100vw - 160px), 600px\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit,w_150\/wp-cms-2\/2024\/09\/i-10-91190436-space-x-suits.jpg 150w, https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit,w_300\/wp-cms-2\/2024\/09\/i-10-91190436-space-x-suits.jpg 300w, https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit,w_1024\/wp-cms-2\/2024\/09\/i-10-91190436-space-x-suits.jpg 1024w\" alt=\"\" width=\"1017\" height=\"1280\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1017px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1017\/1280;\" \/><noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-91191025\" src=\"https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit,w_1024,h_1024\/wp-cms-2\/2024\/09\/i-10-91190436-space-x-suits.jpg\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, (max-width: 1023px) calc(100vw - 160px), 600px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit,w_150\/wp-cms-2\/2024\/09\/i-10-91190436-space-x-suits.jpg 150w, https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit,w_300\/wp-cms-2\/2024\/09\/i-10-91190436-space-x-suits.jpg 300w, https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit,w_1024\/wp-cms-2\/2024\/09\/i-10-91190436-space-x-suits.jpg 1024w\" alt=\"\" width=\"1017\" height=\"1280\" \/><\/noscript><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">A crew member in a mock-up of the Space Shuttle Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU) and Manned Maneuvering Unit (MMU), the NASA astronaut propulsion unit, August 17, 1979\u00a0[Photo: Space Frontiers\/Getty Images]<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>The EMU is bulky because it needs to be bulky. The heft reflects the need for extended life support, a comprehensive protection system, and multiple layers of insulation. Safety is the priority, and every element of the EMU was engineered with long-term survival in mind under extreme conditions. It\u2019s like having a personal spaceship all around you.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"ad-container ad-container--native_mid_article flex flex-col items-center justify-center h-0\" data-testid=\"ad-container\">\n<div id=\":Rodakf4vfbscq:\" class=\"camp-native_mid_article\" data-ad_slot_type=\"native_mid_article\" data-page=\"1\" data-testid=\"gam-ad-unit\" data-instance=\"1\" data-slot_base_id=\"native_mid_article_1_1\" data-refresh_count=\"1\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div id=\"native_mid_article-sentinel\" data-testid=\"native_mid_article-sentinel\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"content-chunk\" data-testid=\"content-chunk\">\n<p>SpaceX\u2019s EVA suit, however, is built for shorter times in the vacuum of space. The first version\u2019s sleek, modern design is optimized for space tourism, prioritizing comfort, mobility, and accessibility\u2014it doesn\u2019t require the bells and whistles of the EMU.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-91191026 lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit,w_1024,h_1024\/wp-cms-2\/2024\/09\/i-3-91190436-space-x-suits.jpg\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, (max-width: 1023px) calc(100vw - 160px), 600px\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit,w_150\/wp-cms-2\/2024\/09\/i-3-91190436-space-x-suits.jpg 150w, https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit,w_300\/wp-cms-2\/2024\/09\/i-3-91190436-space-x-suits.jpg 300w, https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit,w_1024\/wp-cms-2\/2024\/09\/i-3-91190436-space-x-suits.jpg 1024w\" alt=\"\" width=\"1536\" height=\"1536\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1536px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1536\/1536;\" \/><noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-91191026\" src=\"https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit,w_1024,h_1024\/wp-cms-2\/2024\/09\/i-3-91190436-space-x-suits.jpg\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, (max-width: 1023px) calc(100vw - 160px), 600px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit,w_150\/wp-cms-2\/2024\/09\/i-3-91190436-space-x-suits.jpg 150w, https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit,w_300\/wp-cms-2\/2024\/09\/i-3-91190436-space-x-suits.jpg 300w, https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit,w_1024\/wp-cms-2\/2024\/09\/i-3-91190436-space-x-suits.jpg 1024w\" alt=\"\" width=\"1536\" height=\"1536\" \/><\/noscript><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">[Image: NASA]<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2 id=\"h-space-suit-fabrics\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Space suit fabrics<\/h2>\n<p>The EMU\u2019s outermost skin is called\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/specialtyfabricsreview.com\/2018\/05\/01\/developing-nasas-next-generation-spacesuit\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Ortho-Fabric<\/a>, which combines Kevlar, Nomex, and Gore-Tex. These materials are not only protective, but incredibly durable. Kevlar is used in bulletproof vests; it\u2019s there to make sure the astronaut doesn\u2019t get punctured by micrometeoroids or space debris. Nomex is a flame-resistant material, which may seem odd in space, but it\u2019s vital in case the suit encounters superheated objects or malfunctions that create fire hazards. And Gore-Tex helps the suit to breathe, allowing moisture from the astronaut\u2019s body to escape while blocking any external liquids\u200b. In total, the EMU uses\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/07\/188963main_extravehicular_mobility_unit.pdf\">14 layers of material<\/a>.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-91191027 lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit,w_1024,h_1024\/wp-cms-2\/2024\/09\/i-5-91190436-space-x-suits.jpg\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, (max-width: 1023px) calc(100vw - 160px), 600px\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit,w_150\/wp-cms-2\/2024\/09\/i-5-91190436-space-x-suits.jpg 150w, https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit,w_300\/wp-cms-2\/2024\/09\/i-5-91190436-space-x-suits.jpg 300w, https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit,w_1024\/wp-cms-2\/2024\/09\/i-5-91190436-space-x-suits.jpg 1024w\" alt=\"\" width=\"1280\" height=\"1280\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1280px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1280\/1280;\" \/><noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-91191027\" src=\"https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit,w_1024,h_1024\/wp-cms-2\/2024\/09\/i-5-91190436-space-x-suits.jpg\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, (max-width: 1023px) calc(100vw - 160px), 600px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit,w_150\/wp-cms-2\/2024\/09\/i-5-91190436-space-x-suits.jpg 150w, https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit,w_300\/wp-cms-2\/2024\/09\/i-5-91190436-space-x-suits.jpg 300w, https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit,w_1024\/wp-cms-2\/2024\/09\/i-5-91190436-space-x-suits.jpg 1024w\" alt=\"\" width=\"1280\" height=\"1280\" \/><\/noscript><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><b>Astronaut David A. Wolf<\/b>, ca. 2002 [Photo: NASA]<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>The NASA suit has another layer under it that looks like white pajamas: the Liquid Cooling and Ventilation Garment (LCVG). This full-body clothing has tubes to circulate water around an astronaut\u2019s body, which keeps them from overheating during long space walks.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"content-chunk\" data-testid=\"content-chunk\">\n<p>Under direct sunlight, the ISS reaches up to 250 degrees Fahrenheit, going down to minus-250 degrees Fahrenheit in the dark. The LCVG has been an essential part of NASA\u2019s suit design for years, and remains one of the most reliable ways to regulate body temperature in space. The suit also contains power heaters in the glove so astronauts can keep their hands warm when the ISS goes behind the Earth as it travels at 17,900 mph, completing an orbit every 95 minutes.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-91191028 lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit,w_1024,h_1024\/wp-cms-2\/2024\/09\/i-7-91190436-space-x-suits.jpg\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, (max-width: 1023px) calc(100vw - 160px), 600px\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit,w_150\/wp-cms-2\/2024\/09\/i-7-91190436-space-x-suits.jpg 150w, https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit,w_300\/wp-cms-2\/2024\/09\/i-7-91190436-space-x-suits.jpg 300w, https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit,w_1024\/wp-cms-2\/2024\/09\/i-7-91190436-space-x-suits.jpg 1024w\" alt=\"\" width=\"643\" height=\"930\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 643px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 643\/930;\" \/><noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-91191028\" src=\"https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit,w_1024,h_1024\/wp-cms-2\/2024\/09\/i-7-91190436-space-x-suits.jpg\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, (max-width: 1023px) calc(100vw - 160px), 600px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit,w_150\/wp-cms-2\/2024\/09\/i-7-91190436-space-x-suits.jpg 150w, https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit,w_300\/wp-cms-2\/2024\/09\/i-7-91190436-space-x-suits.jpg 300w, https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit,w_1024\/wp-cms-2\/2024\/09\/i-7-91190436-space-x-suits.jpg 1024w\" alt=\"\" width=\"643\" height=\"930\" \/><\/noscript><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">[Image: SpaceX]<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2 id=\"h-what-s-inside-a-spacex-eva-suit\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">What\u2019s inside a SpaceX EVA suit<\/h2>\n<p>The SpaceX EVA suit created for the Polaris Dawn missions, spearheaded by Isaacman, also uses multiple layers of materials borrowed from their Falcon rocket interstage and Dragon spacecraft trunk. The company won\u2019t specify exactly what these material are, but does say that the materials are designed to provide passive thermal regulation and structural integrity.<\/p>\n<p>In a video\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/x.com\/SpaceX\/status\/1833386106596774147\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">posted to X<\/a>, SpaceX\u2019s principal spacesuit engineer, Erik Kraus, says that the suit is \u201clike a suit of armor made of fabric.\u201d The suit remains soft while the astronaut is in the pressurized environment of the Dragon capsule, but the material hardens when the suit is pressurized for venturing outside of the spacecraft. This required the design of special rotational joints to allow the movement of the arms (although\u2014unlike the EMU\u2014it didn\u2019t look very comfortable or agile when Isaacman maneuvered his upper body out of the capsule). The EVA also has a metallic Faraday layer to shield the astronaut from external electric fields.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"content-chunk\" data-testid=\"content-chunk\">\n<p>SpaceX\u2019s suit doesn\u2019t use a heat exchange system; instead it uses phase-change materials, which releases or absorbs energy when it changes its state to heat or cool as the astronaut moves between sunlight and shadow. While these fabrics help regulate temperature without the need for dedicated cooling systems, it is not suitable for long spacewalks or hard work.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-rich is-provider-instagram wp-block-embed-instagram\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"><iframe id=\"instagram-embed-0\" class=\"instagram-media instagram-media-rendered lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/p\/C_BueSNSNih\/embed\/captioned\/?cr=1&amp;v=14&amp;wp=625&amp;rd=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fastcompany.com&amp;rp=%2F91190436%2Fwhy-spacex-suits-look-so-sleek-and-nasas-look-so-clunky#%7B%22ci%22%3A0%2C%22os%22%3A1473%7D\" height=\"919\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" data-instgrm-payload-id=\"instagram-media-payload-0\" data-mce-fragment=\"1\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" data-load-mode=\"1\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<h2 id=\"h-the-visors\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">The visors of the space suit<\/h2>\n<p>Each suit has a distinct helmet. The EMU features a gold-coated visor, designed to reflect the sun\u2019s powerful ultraviolet rays and keep astronauts safe from radiation for long space walks. It\u2019s been time-tested through hundreds of missions. The astronauts manually adjust the sunshades on the visor depending on their environment.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"content-chunk\" data-testid=\"content-chunk\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-91191030 lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit,w_1024,h_1024\/wp-cms-2\/2024\/09\/i-6-91190436-space-x-suits.jpg\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, (max-width: 1023px) calc(100vw - 160px), 600px\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit,w_150\/wp-cms-2\/2024\/09\/i-6-91190436-space-x-suits.jpg 150w, https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit,w_300\/wp-cms-2\/2024\/09\/i-6-91190436-space-x-suits.jpg 300w, https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit,w_1024\/wp-cms-2\/2024\/09\/i-6-91190436-space-x-suits.jpg 1024w\" alt=\"\" width=\"1280\" height=\"852\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1280px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1280\/852;\" \/><noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-91191030\" src=\"https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit,w_1024,h_1024\/wp-cms-2\/2024\/09\/i-6-91190436-space-x-suits.jpg\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, (max-width: 1023px) calc(100vw - 160px), 600px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit,w_150\/wp-cms-2\/2024\/09\/i-6-91190436-space-x-suits.jpg 150w, https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit,w_300\/wp-cms-2\/2024\/09\/i-6-91190436-space-x-suits.jpg 300w, https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit,w_1024\/wp-cms-2\/2024\/09\/i-6-91190436-space-x-suits.jpg 1024w\" alt=\"\" width=\"1280\" height=\"852\" \/><\/noscript><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><b>Astronaut Jeff Williams<\/b>\u00a0takes a self-portrait during Extravehicular Activity 36 (EVA 36), 2016 [Photo: NASA]<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>The shape of the visor is larger than SpaceX\u2019s. To check any information about the suit, the astronaut has to look down at an alphanumeric display that is strategically placed on the suit, near the chest.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/07\/188963main_extravehicular_mobility_unit.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">According to NASA<\/a>, an attachment equipped with flood lamps is placed above the visor so astronauts can see clearly in payload bays or whenever it\u2019s dark.<\/p>\n<p>SpaceX seems to win this round\u2014at least when it comes to the technology involved. There\u2019s a Heads-Up Display (HUD) built directly into the visor, which provides real-time data, such as oxygen levels, suit pressure, and battery life, without needing to look down at any instrumentation. It\u2019s like having a combat fighter cockpit on your face.<\/p>\n<p>The 3D-printed visor is made of polycarbonate coated with indium tin oxide and copper. This coating helps block UV light and protect astronauts from infrared radiation\u200b, although it may not be as effective as NASA\u2019s gold coating. This cheaper option is probably a result of SpaceX plans for the suit, which includes mass-manufacturing future versions to match Musk\u2019s visions for bases on Mars and the moon.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"content-chunk\" data-testid=\"content-chunk\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-91191029 lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit,w_1024,h_1024\/wp-cms-2\/2024\/09\/i-9-91190436-space-x-suits.jpg\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, (max-width: 1023px) calc(100vw - 160px), 600px\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit,w_150\/wp-cms-2\/2024\/09\/i-9-91190436-space-x-suits.jpg 150w, https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit,w_300\/wp-cms-2\/2024\/09\/i-9-91190436-space-x-suits.jpg 300w, https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit,w_1024\/wp-cms-2\/2024\/09\/i-9-91190436-space-x-suits.jpg 1024w\" alt=\"\" width=\"821\" height=\"780\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 821px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 821\/780;\" \/><noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-91191029\" src=\"https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit,w_1024,h_1024\/wp-cms-2\/2024\/09\/i-9-91190436-space-x-suits.jpg\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, (max-width: 1023px) calc(100vw - 160px), 600px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit,w_150\/wp-cms-2\/2024\/09\/i-9-91190436-space-x-suits.jpg 150w, https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit,w_300\/wp-cms-2\/2024\/09\/i-9-91190436-space-x-suits.jpg 300w, https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit,w_1024\/wp-cms-2\/2024\/09\/i-9-91190436-space-x-suits.jpg 1024w\" alt=\"\" width=\"821\" height=\"780\" \/><\/noscript><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">[Image: SpaceX]<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2 id=\"h-life-support-systems\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Life support systems of the space suit<\/h2>\n<p>NASA\u2019s EMU looks bulky because it carries a Portable Life Support System (PLSS), a self-contained backpack that monitors the astronaut\u2019s vitals, supplies oxygen, scrubs out carbon dioxide, regulates humidity, and maintains a perfect temperature through a layer of radiators that extend throughout the suit\u2019s fabric.<\/p>\n<p>This complex system is a mini spaceship in its own right, designed to support the astronaut for hours in space with multiple backup systems. If the primary oxygen supply fails, there\u2019s another one. If temperature control falters, the suit has redundancies to keep the astronaut alive. This level of support is critical for the long-duration missions NASA undertakes, but it adds significant weight and size to the suit\u200b. Fortunately, weight is not that important in orbit or on the moon.<\/p>\n<p>SpaceX\u2019s EVA suit, in contrast, is more lightweight because it relies on the Dragon Crew spacecraft\u2019s life support system. The suit itself doesn\u2019t need to carry support gear. Like the Soviet cosmonauts or the Gemini astronauts, there\u2019s a long tube that tethers the SpaceX astronauts to the spaceship, feeding them oxygen and energy, and scrubbing out CO2. That\u2019s why the suit can afford to be slimmer and more agile. Musk\u2019s company is planning to eventually develop more independent life-support systems like NASA\u2019s PLSS.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"content-chunk\" data-testid=\"content-chunk\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-91191034 lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit,w_1024,h_1024\/wp-cms-2\/2024\/09\/i-11-91190436-space-x-suits.jpg\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, (max-width: 1023px) calc(100vw - 160px), 600px\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit,w_150\/wp-cms-2\/2024\/09\/i-11-91190436-space-x-suits.jpg 150w, https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit,w_300\/wp-cms-2\/2024\/09\/i-11-91190436-space-x-suits.jpg 300w, https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit,w_1024\/wp-cms-2\/2024\/09\/i-11-91190436-space-x-suits.jpg 1024w\" alt=\"\" width=\"559\" height=\"559\" src=\"data:image\/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 559px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 559\/559;\" \/><noscript><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-91191034\" src=\"https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit,w_1024,h_1024\/wp-cms-2\/2024\/09\/i-11-91190436-space-x-suits.jpg\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, (max-width: 1023px) calc(100vw - 160px), 600px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit,w_150\/wp-cms-2\/2024\/09\/i-11-91190436-space-x-suits.jpg 150w, https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit,w_300\/wp-cms-2\/2024\/09\/i-11-91190436-space-x-suits.jpg 300w, https:\/\/images.fastcompany.com\/image\/upload\/f_webp,q_auto,c_fit,w_1024\/wp-cms-2\/2024\/09\/i-11-91190436-space-x-suits.jpg 1024w\" alt=\"\" width=\"559\" height=\"559\" \/><\/noscript><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">[Image: SpaceX]<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2 id=\"h-a-path-for-the-future\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">A path for the future<\/h2>\n<p>As we head into a new era of space exploration, both NASA and SpaceX will keep evolving their designs. The SpaceX EVA suit is at its very early stages, which perhaps is a reason why Isaacman didn\u2019t venture past the relative safe space of the Resilience\u2019s tip hatch. Its sleek, thin design will most likely change with time as it still has a long way to go before it matches the reliability and durability of NASA\u2019s EMU. At the same time, NASA\u2019s suit will keep getting new generations that are lighter, less bulky, and more flexible.<\/p>\n<p>SpaceX\u2019s vision for the future includes mass-producing suits that are scalable for missions to the moon and Mars, but that will require further developments, particularly in life-support systems and durability for longer missions. As SpaceX senior manager Chris Trigg\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.space.com\/spacex-new-eva-spacewalking-spacesuit-video\">puts it<\/a>: \u201cThe goal is for astronauts to feel like they\u2019re just wearing everyday clothes while exploring the solar system\u200b. Whether SpaceX can maintain that fancy stormtrooper look while increasing functionality for long-duration missions remains to be seen.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The space suit of SpaceX astronauts look wildly different from that of NASA. Read about how the suit prioritizes durability and reliability.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":101,"featured_media":47814,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[20],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-47811","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news-articles"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Why The SpaceX Space Suit Look Sleek and NASA&#039;s Look Clunky<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The space suit of SpaceX astronauts look wildly different from that of NASA. 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